As we are lagging behind in prenatal care and delivery, the mortality rate of pregnant women in India is significant.
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India has the highest mortality rate among pregnant women. India accounts for 20% of all global deaths during pregnancy and childbirth . Although the death toll for 130 women in 2014-16 is lower than the 212 maternal deaths in 2007 for every 100,000 births, the change is not enough to reach the target of 70 deaths set out in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Maharashtra, Kerala and Tamil Nadu are the only three states that have achieved this target so far.
The Health Index , proposed by the Policy Commission, the Department of Health and the Ministry of Family Welfare in 2018, draws attention to the differences in the performance of health indicators between different states and Union Territories. However, if we go beyond this and study in depth at the state or district level, we will find that the gap has widened. Harvard University and its partners have released indicators of developing countries through a recently launched scheme under the National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4). According to his report, there was a lack of health facilities for pregnant women in West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
Anemia is a well-known cause of death in pregnant women and weight loss during childbirth. It is an important factor affecting the health, well-being and mortality of the baby. Proper antenatal care and hygienic facilities have been shown to help reduce the mortality rate of pregnant women and newborns.
Despite such studies, about 53% of women in India suffer from anemia. The difference between the highest and lowest levels of this problem is 57.5% in different constituencies of the country. West Bengal, Jharkhand, Dadra-Nagar Haveli, Chandigarh and Rajasthan have the highest number of anemic women. Mrigank Mahato of the Trinamool Congress in Bengal has the highest percentage of anemic women in the Purulia constituency at 80%. BJP's Natubhai Gomanbhai Patel's Dadra-Nagar Haveli constituency has 75.9% anemic women.
In both Chandigarh and Singhbhum constituencies in Jharkhand, the proportion of anemic women is 74.4%. In Balurghat constituency in West Bengal, the percentage of anemic women with iron deficiency is 74.4%. The above three constituencies are represented by BJP's Kiran Kher, Laxman Gilua and All India Trinamool Congress' Arpita Ghosh respectively.
Kerala, Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram have the lowest incidence of anemia. Congress' Shashi Tharoor's Thiruvananthapuram constituency has 22.5% women with anemia. But in the northeastern Indian state of Nagaland, only 23.5% of the total number of women have anemia. The constituency is represented by Tokheho Yeptahomi of the Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party.
The underweight rate in India is 18%, which has not changed much in the last few decades. The two most common constituencies in the country are Mandsaur and Ratlam in Madhya Pradesh. In Mandsaur, the underweight rate is 35%, while in Ratlam it is 30.5%. Both these constituencies are represented by BJP's Sudhir Gupta and Kantilal Bhuria respectively. This is followed by BJP's Manoj Rajoria's 28.3% in Rajasthan's Karauli-Dholpur constituency, BJP's Nepal Singh's Rampur constituency in Uttar Pradesh 27.5%, BJP's Satyapal Singh's Sambhal constituency in Uttar Pradesh 27.1% and BJP's Udit Raj's Delhi The problem is 26.8% in the North-West Delhi constituency in the NCT constituency. In the Ujjain constituency of the existing BJP MP from Rajasthan, the proportion is 26. 8%. The northeastern Indian state of Mizoram has the lowest rate of 4.1% and the difference in the proportion of different constituencies is 31%.
In the regulations made for pregnant women in IndiaAt least three rounds of prenatal care have been suggested, but the number of these rounds is reported to be low. Out of 543 constituencies in the country, the average turnout is only 31%. In eight constituencies in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, the proportion of prenatal care rounds is below ten per cent. In Uttar Pradesh, BJP's Savitribai Phule has 4.4% in Bahraich constituency, BJP's Bhola Singh in Bihar has 7.9% in Begusarai constituency, NCP's Tariq Anwar has 8.9% in Katihar constituency, Janata Dal's Kaushalendra Kumar has 9% in Nalanda constituency, BJP's Kirti Azad In his Darbanga constituency 9.4%, in Rashtriya Janata Dal's Pappu Yadav's Madhepura constituency 9.6% and in Uttar Pradesh's BJP's Brijbhushan Sharan Singh's Kaisarganj constituency, the turnout is only 9.9%.
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), created under the National Health Mission (NHM) for the proper and safe care of pregnant women, aims to promote constructive measures during childbirth to reduce the mortality rate of pregnant women and children. A study on JSY found that the scheme has led to an increase in the number of safe deliveries. But in the 543 constituencies in the country, only 35% of women are getting these services, which shows that more and more improved measures are needed.
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), created under the National Health Mission (NHM) for the proper and safe care of pregnant women, aims to reduce maternal mortality and child mortality.
There are 15 constituencies in the country where these services have reached less than 5% women. In Gujarat, BJP's Kirit Premjibhai Solanki's Ahmedabad West constituency has 1.6%, Mohanbhai Kalyanji Kundaria's Rajkot constituency 3.7%, Haribhai Chaudhary's Banaskantha constituency 4%, Lal Krishna Advani's Gandhinagar constituency 4.1% and Shiv Sena's Chandrakant Khaire in Maharashtra. Aurangabad constituency has 3.1%, NCP's Udayan Raje Bhosale's Satara constituency 3.8%, BJP's Raosaheb Patil's Jalna constituency 4.7% and Shiv Sena's Sanjay Haribhai Jadhav's Parbhani constituency 4.9%. Along with him, in 3 BJP constituencies in Karnataka, Sadanand Gowda's U. Bangalore constituency (4.3%), late Anant Kumar's d. Bangalore constituency (4.3%) and PC Mohan's central Bangalore constituency (4.3%), JSY's health facilities did not reach.
Incomplete use of services provided by JSY also reduces the amount of structural measures during childbirth. But due to the Chiranjeevi scheme implemented by the state government in the state of GujaratThe usefulness of such changes is increasing. In the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Nagaland and West Bengal, such measures are implemented in less than 50%. Ten out of 14 constituencies where less than 50% of these schemes are implemented are under BJP representation. In Uttar Pradesh, Daddan Mishra's Shravasti constituency (35.6%), Savitribai Phule's Bahraich constituency (37.9%), Jagdambika Pal's Dumriyaganj constituency (45.3%), Brijbhushan Singh's Kaisarganj constituency (48.9%) In Bihar, Ram Kumar Sharma's Sitamarhi constituency (37.3%), Rama Devi's Shivhar constituency (43.4%), Radha Mohan Singh's East Champaran constituency (45.1%), Kirti Azad's Darbhanga constituency (47). .1%), Hukumdev Narayan Singh Yadav's Madhubani constituency (49.1%) and Laxman Gilua's Singhbhum constituency (44.9%) in Jharkhand.
According to various reports, in many parts of India even today, we are falling short in our efforts to increase the number of antenatal care facilities (ANCs) for women or to create safe systems for childbirth. Which is increasing the mortality rate of pregnant women. Inadequate health indicators for pregnant women, such as inadequate use of facilities under JSY, IFA tablets supplied to less than 10% of women, and extremely low levels of structural measures during childbirth, have led to declining health of pregnant women in many constituencies. In these constituencies. The region includes Bahraich, Shravasti, Kaisarganj, Sitapur and Sitamarhi and Shivahar in Bihar.
Social responsibility has been eroded in many constituencies. The BJP, which has 268 seats out of 543, has made the least effort to ensure the health of pregnant women. According to the Health Index of the Policy Commission in 2018, regular inspection of various health indicators is required in important areas at the state level.
Various MPs need to come to the district level and take responsibility for the implementation of various schemes for proper care of pregnant women. It is also necessary to create a proper monitoring mechanism for improved results. MP funds should be used more and more in important and urgently needed areas.
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